Power resides with the individual regardless of the position they have in the company.
The person shows traces of referent, expert, coercive, and reward power.
Power
Personal
This power comes when someone wants to be like someone else or imitates them.
This is similar to ideas around charisma, affection or willingness to follow.
Power
Referent
Power based on a person's position in the company. For example
1. Manager/Supervisor relationship.
1. Supervisor/Operator relationship.
Power
Legitimate
Power exists because of the position rather than the person. Thus legitimate, reward, coercive, and reward all form part of this power base.
Power
Position
At it's simplest, the person has power because they control information that is valuable to someone else.
Power
Expert
This comes from a situation where one person has the power to punish physically or psychologically harm another person.
Power
Coercive
This comes when one person has the capacity to reward another person with something they value. For example:
1. Pay/Promotions
2. Job allocation.
Power
Reward
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